Molecular Analysis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Based on 16S rRNA GENE Markers and Its Inhibition by Sargassum aquifolium Extract
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Abstract
Vibriosis is a bacterial disease caused by Vibrio spp. that infects pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Brown algae (Sargassum aquifolium) is an abundant marine biota found on the coast of Bali, Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to identify Vibrio sp. isolates from the hepatopancreas of pacific white shrimp and inhibit their growth using S. aquifolium extract. Vibrio sp. isolates were isolated from the hepatopancreas of whiteleg shrimp and grown in selective TCBS agar media. Molecular identification includes DNA extraction, amplification, sequencing, and phylogenetic tree construction. Extraction was carried out by maceration with 70% ethanol solvent. Inhibitory power test using the well diffusion method and MIC by measuring turbidity of liquid media with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results identified the Vibrio sp. isolates as Vibrio parahemolyticus. At 100% concentration, S. aquifolium extract achieved the highest inhibition average of 29.35 ± 1.2 mm, significantly different from other concentrations (p ≤ 0.05). The MIC of S. aquifolium extract has an absorbance value of 0.811±0.055 at 100% concentration, which indicates good antibiotic potential at the highest concentration. That information is useful for further research to evaluate the possibility of S. aquifolium extract as an immunostimulant and agent for controlling V. parahaemolyticus infection in pacific white shrimp.
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