Antioxidant Activity of Pink Water Henna Flower Extract (Impatiens balsamina L.) with Varying Ethanol Concentrations
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Abstract
Free radicals are highly reactive molecules that can cause damage to cells, contributing to the progression of various degenerative diseases. Plants rich in antioxidants can inhibit free radical reactions. Pink water henna flowers (Impatiens balsamina L.) contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins, which may offer antioxidant benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and antioxidant activity of I. balsamina flowers extracts using 50%, 70%, and 96% ethanol as solvents, evaluated by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were evaluated using folin ciocalteu and AlCl3, respectively. Extraction using different solvents shows variations in antioxidant activity results. The highest antioxidant activity was found in the 96% ethanol extract with an IC50 value of 49.872 ppm, classified as very strong. The highest phenolic content was found in 96% ethanol extract with a value of 8.728% and the highest determination of flavonoid levels also found in 96% ethanol extract with a value of 10.917%. The higher the levels of phenols and flavonoids, the greater the ability of antioxidants to donate electrons to neutralize free radicals. This research demonstrates that the 96% ethanol extract of I. balsamina flowers possesses very strong antioxidant activity due to its high phenolic and flavonoid content, positioning it as a promising natural source for developing functional ingredients to combat oxidative stress and associated degenerative diseases.
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